Afro-American Council Reconstituted 1898: Civil Rights in the Nadir

T. Thomas Fortune and Ida B. Wells reconstituted the National Afro-American League as the Afro-American Council in September 1898, following the Wilmington massacre. The Council denounced the coup and lynching, called for federal intervention, and passed anti-lynching resolutions. Booker T. Washington covertly worked to control the organization, foreshadowing the conflict that would produce the Niagara Movement and NAACP within a decade.