Also American
ResistanceMay 2, 1963

The Birmingham Campaign

Children marchers face dogs and fire hoses; the images shock the nation.

The Civil Rights Movement

Key figures

Fred Shuttlesworth · LeaderMartin Luther King Jr. · Leader

Resources

The web

Connections to other moments, systems, and investigations — the links rarely drawn together.

  • led to·Event
    The Civil Rights Act of 1964

    Images of children hosed and bitten in Birmingham built the national will behind the 1964 Act.

  • led to (incoming)·Event
    The Albany Movement

    The lessons of Albany's "failure" shaped the winning strategy at Birmingham.

Where to go next

led to
The Civil Rights Act of 1964

Images of children hosed and bitten in Birmingham built the national will behind the 1964 Act.

led to
The Albany Movement

The lessons of Albany's "failure" shaped the winning strategy at Birmingham.