NAACP Documents Nationwide Racial Profiling in Police Traffic Stops

The NAACP's 2005 report on racial profiling compiled data from 27 states showing Black drivers were stopped at rates 60–200% higher than white drivers in the same jurisdictions. In New Jersey, Maryland, and Illinois — states with consent decree monitoring — Black drivers continued to be searched at three to four times the rate of white drivers despite lower contraband-find rates, undercutting pretextual search justifications.