Klan and White Supremacists Burn Freedmen's Schools Across South

Between 1865 and 1877, hundreds of Freedmen's Bureau-affiliated schools and Black churches used for education were burned by white supremacists across the South. The Bureau documented dozens of school burnings in Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia. Teachers, particularly Northern white women, were attacked, threatened, and driven out. The Memphis massacre's burning of 12 schools was among the most dramatic examples of a systematic campaign to deny Black children education as a tool of social co