1962

James Meredith became the first Black student to enroll at the University of Mississippi after a federal court order. Governor Ross Barnett defied the order, triggering riots on September 30 that killed two people and injured hundreds. President Kennedy deployed 30,000 federal troops and U.S. Marshals to enforce Meredith's enrollment.

Chicago real estate agents engaged in systematic blockbusting throughout the 1960s: introducing one Black family into a white block, then frightening white homeowners into panic-selling at below-market prices, then reselling to Black buyers at inflated prices on exploitative land contracts. Buyers on land contracts could be evicted without notice if they missed a single payment and built no equity.

Chicago real estate agents engaged in blockbusting throughout the 1960s: introducing one Black family into a white block, frightening white owners into panic-selling below market, then reselling to Black buyers at inflated prices on land contracts. Buyers could be evicted without notice for missing a single payment and built no equity.

When James Meredith enrolled at the University of Mississippi, a white mob attacked federal marshals, killing two people and injuring 160 marshals. Mississippi Governor Ross Barnett had publicly defied federal court orders. President Kennedy federalized the National Guard to restore order.

A white mob attacked federal marshals when James Meredith enrolled at the University of Mississippi, killing two people and injuring 160 marshals. Governor Ross Barnett had publicly defied federal court orders. Kennedy federalized the National Guard.

After months of protests and over 1,000 arrests, the Albany Movement ended without desegregating the city. Police Chief Laurie Pritchett's strategy of arresting protesters nonviolently and dispersing them to surrounding jails denied cameras the violent imagery that could draw federal attention. The failure shaped SCLC's future Birmingham strategy.

Meredith enrolls amid riots and federal intervention.