Also American

1910s

1910–1919
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Key events

  1. 1916
    The Great Migration begins

    Millions of Black Southerners begin moving north and west, fleeing terror and seeking opportunity.

  2. February 8, 1915
    The Birth of a Nation

    D.W. Griffith's film glorifies the Klan and fuels a violent revival.

  3. July 2, 1917
    The East St. Louis massacre

    One of the deadliest white-mob attacks of the era kills scores of Black residents.

  4. July 1919
    Red Summer

    White mobs attack Black communities in dozens of cities; Black veterans and residents fight back.

  5. September 29, 1910
    The National Urban League

    A new organization forms to aid Black migrants arriving in Northern cities.

  6. June 21, 1915
    Guinn v. United States

    The Supreme Court strikes down the "grandfather clause" used to disenfranchise Black voters.

  7. July 28, 1917
    The Silent Parade

    Thousands march silently down Fifth Avenue to protest lynching and racial violence.

  8. August 23, 1917
    The Houston riot of 1917

    Black soldiers, pushed past endurance by abuse, are court-martialed and executed.

Resources from this period